Agricultural trade liberalization and food security in nigeria usman abdullateef and abdulgafar t. The detailed productwise analysis presented in the study finds trade complementarities in a wide range of food products within south asia and goes on to identify a list of food products with significant trade potential for trade liberalization under the agreement on south asian free trade area safta. The impact of agricultural trade liberalization on national food security in nigeria, 19702000. Some specific trade liberalization measures undertaken under the sap includes the removal of bureaucratic controls on trade. Clapp, jennifer 2014 trade liberalization and food. This paper attempts to assess the impact of trade liberalization on growth, poverty, and food security in india with the help of a nationallevel computable general equilibrium cge model. The impact of trade liberalization on food security in mozambique by lawe laweki submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of master of arts in the subject development studies at the university of south africa supervisor. An overview of food situation and trade liberalization in nigeria the analysis of the impact of trade regime on food security has a long history particularly for developed. An overview of food situation and trade liberalization in nigeria the analysis of the impact of trade regime on food security has a. Agricultural trade liberalization undermined food security.
From the 80s, the bretton woods institutions consider trade liberalization as a solution to achieve food security in africa. This chapter looks at the origins of the concept of chronic food insecurity, the implications for measurement, and suggests the need for a complementary investigation into the implications for. Trade liberalization and food security agecon search. Pdf on aug 8, 2002, gbadebo olusegun abidemi odularu and others. The relationship between food security and international trade is highly complex and policy directions are not always straightforward or unified across countries. Despite the countrys economic dynamism, nigeria s social report is lower than the average in african countries. The impact of trade liberalization on manufacturing value.
According to obadan 2008, the near full throttle liberalization of trade embarked upon by nigeria has given rise to massive inflows of all manner of finished products from. It was established in the study that before the introduction of trade liberation, trade sector funds were grossly mismanaged, contracts and positions were awarded based on connection rather than on merit and high occurrence of corruption in. Trade liberalization and food security in developing countries43. Focus is placed on macroeconomic policy, trade policy, and the institutional and regulatory framework. The main proxies of food security status used are food production and food import as indicators of food availability, food prices and gnp per capita as indicators of food. This study investigates the impact of trade liberalization on food security at both national and rural household levels in mozambique. This includes the removal or reduction of tariff obstacles, such as. Food policy research institute nontrade concerns range from food security to environment, rural development, poverty alleviation, and so on food securityworld food summit food security exists when all people at all times have physical and economic access to food sufficient to their needs for an active healthy life. Since 1947, when the general agreement on tariffs and trade gatt was created, the world trading system has benefited from eight rounds of multilateral trade liberalization, as well as from unilateral and regional liberalization. Integrated assessment of the impact of trade liberalization. An overview of food security, trade liberalization and globalization in nigeria.
This study, therefore, addressed itself directly to evaluating the impact of agricultural trade liberalization on the national food security situation in nigeria, using annual data from the period 1970 to 2000. The objective of this study was to determine the level of implemen tation of trade instruments and strategies, and to ascertain if the policy. Trade liberalization and food security quaker united nations office. Ijaiya department of economics, university of ilorin, ilorin, nigeria. May 21, 2018 when president jeanclaude duvalier turned to the bwis in the 1970s, us companies quickly pushed for agricultural trade liberalization, upending earlier food security concerns. Pdf impact of agricultural trade liberalization on national. This economic specialization erodes food security by depressing domestic food production and by subjecting the export earnings needed to finance the import of food and other necessities to fluctuating world market prices for agricultural commodities and to the declining terms of trade for agricultural products. This chapter looks specifically at the impact of the acp agriculture trade agreements on issues of food production, food security and poverty and how they.
Impact of trade liberalization on food security in mozambique. Special attention is also placed on economic zones, given their emphasis in current industrial policy in nigeria. Trade liberalization would thus result in flows from these poorer asian countries to east asia and europe. This is predicted to have beneficial effects for poverty, through producer price increases and secondround effects wages, employment, and investment in exporting countries, and to augment shortterm food security in poor importing. More shortterm, the authorities are committed to reducing the budget deficit and controlling inflation. Trade liberalization, poverty and food security in india. Agriculture, trade liberalization and poverty in the acp countries. The impact of trade liberalization on manufacturing valueadded in nigeria ebenyi go1, nwanosike du1, uzoechina b1, ishiwu v2 1department of economics, renaissance university, ugbawka, enugu, nigeria 2department of economics, university of nigeria nsuukka, nigeria corresponding author. Sep 10, 2019 trade liberalization is the removal or reduction of restrictions or barriers on the free exchange of goods between nations. The impact of agricultural trade liberalization on. First, it is to evaluate nigeria s food security situation and second it is to explore food security and diplomacy most especially in a democratic dispensation. Pdf on aug 8, 2002, gbadebo olusegun abidemi odularu and others published impact of agricultural trade liberalization on national food security in nigeria, 1970 2000 find, read and cite all. Despite significant progress in the fight against hunger during the last decades, food insecurity remains a major problem in many countries, especially developing ones.
A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Pdf food security remains a crucial issue in many developing countries. Trade liberalization, poverty and food security in india manoj panda and a. For example, trade barriers can restrict food availability in regions experiencing food deficits, leading to higher prices and reduced access to food.
First, it is to evaluate nigerias food security situation and second it is to explore food security and diplomacy most especially in a democratic dispensation. The questions this study addresses that are relevant to government objective of increasing food production and ensuring food security in nigeria are. That gap is most apparent for larger countries such as brazil, india, nigeria or the. Some specific trade liberalization measures undertaken under the sap includes the.
The effects of international trade liberalization on food security and competitiveness in the agricultural sector of botswana by howard kgalemang sigwele thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy in the department of agricultural economics, extension and rural development. Services trade liberalization for enhanced food security in. Effects of economic globalisation on employment trend and wages in developing countries. In this study, the analysis of food security indicators is based on. Although the shift to economic deregulation and trade liberalization affected many sectors. Food security is traditionally discussed in terms of either food selfsufficiency or food selfreliance. Effects of trade liberalization and exchange rate changes on.
Trade liberalization and social determinants of health. Pdf what is the evidence of the impact of agricultural trade. Since the mid 1970s nigerias domestic rice production has increased at a. This chapter looks at the origins of the concept of chronic food insecurity, the implications for measurement, and suggests the need for a complementary investigation into the implications for transitory food insecurity of trade liberalization. Department of social work, university of nigeria, nsukka abstract. Trade liberalization, poverty, and food security in india. The relationship between trade liberalization and food security is discussed in reference to lowerincome countries where liberalized food markets are related to greater food insecurity via instabilities in global food prices labonte et al. State of services trade liberalization in sadc at the core of the sadc trade liberalization agenda is the sadc trade protocol, which concentrates mainly on the liberalization of trade in. Trade liberalization is the removal or reduction of restrictions or barriers on the free exchange of goods between nations.
The objective of this study was to determine the level of implemen. Trade reforms and food security food and agriculture. The impact of agricultural trade liberalization on national food security in nigeria, 19702000 odularu, gbadebo olusegun on. Ganeshkumar indira gandhi institute of development research, mumbai, india email. But trade has been an engine of growth for much longer. Instead, we attempt to rigorously establish the direction and the magnitude of the average causal effect of trade liberalization on food security health outcomes, an important piece of evidence not well established yet in the literature. When president jeanclaude duvalier turned to the bwis in the 1970s, us companies quickly pushed for agricultural trade liberalization, upending earlier food security concerns. Trade liberalisation and economic growth 1 1 introduction there has been a longheld belief that there is an association between economic growth and increased trade. Will nigerian carbohydrate crop farmers still have price advantage in the presence of competition with imported foodstuffs serving. Nigerian absence of food security is food insecurity.
What role for agricultural policies in improving food security. The main end goals of the project are to improve national understanding of the. Introduction c arbohydrate foodstuffs, derived from cereals and tubers, are major parts of food consumed in nigeria. Effects of trade liberalization and exchange rate changes. Deregulation, liberalization, food security, nigeria. Food is different from other commodities because everybody needs it for survival, and it is an indispensable. Abstract this paper attempts to assess the impact of trade liberalization on growth, poverty, and food. Whether trade liberalization improves food security is theoretically ambiguous because trade policy. Food security and international trade home food and. Handing the energetic crisis, food security, employment, the development of transports and the financial reform are the main goals. Services trade liberalization for enhanced food security. However, assuming we agree that trade in fact promotes development and economic growth in much of the developing world, then we need to ask why it is that some countries gain more, and others gain less, or even lose, from trade liberalization and globalization. Agricultural trade liberalization and food security in nigeria. Trade liberalization, food availabilitysecurity, dietary energy supply.
Global trade liberalization and the developing countries. Despite the submission of some literature confirming the positive association between trade liberalization and poverty alleviation, it remains a complex ordeal to clearly state if trade liberalization is positive or negative for developing countries. Agricultural trade liberalization and food security in. The study examined the impact of trade liberalization on poverty alleviation in nigeria, for the period of 1986 2016. The objective of this study was to determine the level of implemen tation of trade instruments and strategies, and to ascertain if the policy direction for foreign trade has been vigorously pursued over the years in nigeria.
In this study, we use a large crosscountry data to investigate the impact of trade openness and other factors on food security, measured by dietary energy consumption. Trade liberalization, food security and the environment. This also involved literature sourced from unep, including its manual for integrated. This study examined the impact and policy strategies of trade liberalization in nigeria. The purpose of this study is to provide a framework in order to analyze the relation between trade liberalization and food security in africa. Agriculture, trade liberalization and poverty in the acp.
September 2014 abstract this paper investigates the effect of trade liberalization on. Regardless of nigerias assent, the afcfta agreement will create a new trade environment in africa. Pdf impact of agricultural trade liberalization on. Department of economics, university of ilorin, ilorin. The nigerian market faces new competition from businesses in member countries across africa with inward. The role of agricultural trade 6 indeed, global population growth rates peaked around 1960 at more than 2 percent per year, but they have since fallen to 1. The effect on local food production stimulates a question on food security.
The vital thing lacking in nigeria is a conducive environment, security and infrastructural support to boost production in the private real sector obadan, 2008. The impact of agricultural trade liberalization on national. This study is an integrated assessment of the economic, social and environmental impacts of trade liberalization of nigerias rice sector. Despite the countrys economic dynamism, nigerias social report is lower than the average in african countries. Effects of economic globalisation on employment trend and. Pdf impact of agricultural trade liberalization on national food. Pdf the impact of agricultural trade liberalization on. Subsequently the benefits of an economy becoming open have been promoted in both academic and policy making circles see for example krueger, 1997. The former requires production of food in the quantities consumed domestically, while the latter requires domestic availability. The impact of trade liberalization on manufacturing valueadded in nigeria ebenyi go1. Food security and food liberalization in nigeria agricultural. Trade liberalization on national food security in nigeria, 1970 2000 find, read.
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